Cessation of Mass Drug Administration for Lymphatic Filariasis in Zanzibar in 2006: Was Transmission Interrupted?
Identifieur interne : 002029 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002028; suivant : 002030Cessation of Mass Drug Administration for Lymphatic Filariasis in Zanzibar in 2006: Was Transmission Interrupted?
Auteurs : Maria P. Rebollo [Royaume-Uni] ; Khalfan A. Mohammed ; Brent Thomas [Royaume-Uni] ; Shaali Ame [Tanzanie] ; Said Mohammed Ali ; Jorge Cano [Royaume-Uni] ; Alba Gonzalez Escalada [Espagne] ; Moses J. Bockarie [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [ 1935-2727 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Contrôle des maladies contagieuses (), Enfant, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux), Filariose lymphatique (transmission), Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie), Humains, Mâle, Tanzanie (épidémiologie), Éradication de maladie (), Îles de l'Océan Indien (épidémiologie).
- MESH :
- traitement médicamenteux : Filariose lymphatique.
- épidémiologie : Filariose lymphatique, Tanzanie, Îles de l'Océan Indien.
- Contrôle des maladies contagieuses, Enfant, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Humains, Mâle, Éradication de maladie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Child, Communicable Disease Control (methods), Disease Eradication (methods), Disease Eradication (statistics & numerical data), Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy), Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology), Elephantiasis, Filarial (transmission), Humans, Indian Ocean Islands (epidemiology), Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tanzania (epidemiology).
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Indian Ocean Islands, Tanzania.
- drug therapy : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- methods : Communicable Disease Control, Disease Eradication.
- statistics & numerical data : Disease Eradication.
- transmission : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- Child, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires.
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is targeted for elimination through annual mass drug administration (MDA) for 4–6 years. In 2006, Zanzibar stopped MDA against LF after five rounds of MDA revealed no microfilaraemic individuals during surveys at selected sentinel sites. We asked the question if LF transmission was truly interrupted in 2006 when MDA was stopped.
In line with ongoing efforts to shrink the LF map, we performed the WHO recommended transmission assessment surveys (TAS) in January 2012 to verify the absence of LF transmission on the main Zanzibar islands of Unguja and Pemba. Altogether, 3275 children were tested on both islands and 89 were found to be CFA positive; 70 in Pemba and 19 in Unguja. The distribution of schools with positive children was heterogeneous with pronounced spatial variation on both islands. Based on the calculated TAS cut-offs of 18 and 20 CFA positive children for Pemba and Unguja respectively, we demonstrated that transmission was still ongoing in Pemba where the cut-off was exceeded.
Our findings indicated ongoing transmission of LF on Pemba in 2012. Moreover, we presented evidence from previous studies that LF transmission was also active on Unguja shortly after stopping MDA in 2006. Based on these observations the government of Zanzibar decided to resume MDA against LF on both islands in 2013.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003669
PubMed: 25816287
PubMed Central: 4376862
Affiliations:
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Bockarie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Liverpool</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1935-2727</idno><idno type="eISSN">1935-2735</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Child</term><term>Communicable Disease Control (methods)</term><term>Disease Eradication (methods)</term><term>Disease Eradication (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (transmission)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Indian Ocean Islands (epidemiology)</term><term>Male</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term><term>Tanzania (epidemiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Contrôle des maladies contagieuses ()</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (transmission)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Tanzanie (épidémiologie)</term><term>Éradication de maladie ()</term><term>Îles de l'Océan Indien (épidémiologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Indian Ocean Islands</term><term>Tanzania</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Communicable Disease Control</term><term>Disease Eradication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Eradication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Tanzanie</term><term>Îles de l'Océan Indien</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Child</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Contrôle des maladies contagieuses</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Éradication de maladie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title><p>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is targeted for elimination through annual mass drug administration (MDA) for 4–6 years. In 2006, Zanzibar stopped MDA against LF after five rounds of MDA revealed no microfilaraemic individuals during surveys at selected sentinel sites. We asked the question if LF transmission was truly interrupted in 2006 when MDA was stopped.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methodology/Principal Findings</title><p>In line with ongoing efforts to shrink the LF map, we performed the WHO recommended transmission assessment surveys (TAS) in January 2012 to verify the absence of LF transmission on the main Zanzibar islands of Unguja and Pemba. Altogether, 3275 children were tested on both islands and 89 were found to be CFA positive; 70 in Pemba and 19 in Unguja. The distribution of schools with positive children was heterogeneous with pronounced spatial variation on both islands. Based on the calculated TAS cut-offs of 18 and 20 CFA positive children for Pemba and Unguja respectively, we demonstrated that transmission was still ongoing in Pemba where the cut-off was exceeded.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Conclusions</title><p>Our findings indicated ongoing transmission of LF on Pemba in 2012. Moreover, we presented evidence from previous studies that LF transmission was also active on Unguja shortly after stopping MDA in 2006. Based on these observations the government of Zanzibar decided to resume MDA against LF on both islands in 2013.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rebollo, Mp" uniqKey="Rebollo M">MP Rebollo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bockarie, Mj" uniqKey="Bockarie M">MJ Bockarie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mohammed, Ka" uniqKey="Mohammed K">KA Mohammed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Molyneux, Dh" uniqKey="Molyneux D">DH Molyneux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Albonico, M" uniqKey="Albonico M">M Albonico</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rio, F" uniqKey="Rio F">F Rio</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chu, Bk" uniqKey="Chu B">BK Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deming, M" uniqKey="Deming M">M 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White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Michael, E" uniqKey="Michael E">E Michael</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Webber, Rh" uniqKey="Webber R">RH Webber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Haji, Ka" uniqKey="Haji K">KA Haji</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khatib, Bo" uniqKey="Khatib B">BO Khatib</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, S" uniqKey="Smith S">S Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ali, As" uniqKey="Ali A">AS Ali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Devine, Gj" uniqKey="Devine G">GJ Devine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coetzee, M" uniqKey="Coetzee M">M Coetzee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eigege, A" uniqKey="Eigege A">A Eigege</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kal, A" uniqKey="Kal A">A Kal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miri, E" uniqKey="Miri E">E Miri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sallau, A" uniqKey="Sallau A">A Sallau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Umaru, J" uniqKey="Umaru J">J Umaru</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mafuyai, H" uniqKey="Mafuyai H">H Mafuyai</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Richards, Fo" uniqKey="Richards F">FO Richards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emukah, E" uniqKey="Emukah E">E Emukah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Graves, Pm" uniqKey="Graves P">PM Graves</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nkwocha, O" uniqKey="Nkwocha O">O Nkwocha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nwankwo, L" uniqKey="Nwankwo L">L Nwankwo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rakers, L" uniqKey="Rakers L">L Rakers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reimer, Lj" uniqKey="Reimer L">LJ Reimer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomsen, Ek" uniqKey="Thomsen E">EK Thomsen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tisch, Dj" uniqKey="Tisch D">DJ Tisch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henry Halldin, Cn" uniqKey="Henry Halldin C">CN Henry-Halldin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zimmerman, Pa" uniqKey="Zimmerman P">PA Zimmerman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baea, Me" uniqKey="Baea M">ME Baea</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Tanzanie</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Communauté de Madrid</li><li>Grand Londres</li></region><settlement><li>Londres</li><li>Madrid</li></settlement></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Ali, Said Mohammed" sort="Ali, Said Mohammed" uniqKey="Ali S" first="Said Mohammed" last="Ali">Said Mohammed Ali</name><name sortKey="Mohammed, Khalfan A" sort="Mohammed, Khalfan A" uniqKey="Mohammed K" first="Khalfan A." last="Mohammed">Khalfan A. Mohammed</name></noCountry><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Rebollo, Maria P" sort="Rebollo, Maria P" uniqKey="Rebollo M" first="Maria P." last="Rebollo">Maria P. Rebollo</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bockarie, Moses J" sort="Bockarie, Moses J" uniqKey="Bockarie M" first="Moses J." last="Bockarie">Moses J. Bockarie</name><name sortKey="Cano, Jorge" sort="Cano, Jorge" uniqKey="Cano J" first="Jorge" last="Cano">Jorge Cano</name><name sortKey="Thomas, Brent" sort="Thomas, Brent" uniqKey="Thomas B" first="Brent" last="Thomas">Brent Thomas</name></country><country name="Tanzanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ame, Shaali" sort="Ame, Shaali" uniqKey="Ame S" first="Shaali" last="Ame">Shaali Ame</name></noRegion></country><country name="Espagne"><region name="Communauté de Madrid"><name sortKey="Escalada, Alba Gonzalez" sort="Escalada, Alba Gonzalez" uniqKey="Escalada A" first="Alba Gonzalez" last="Escalada">Alba Gonzalez Escalada</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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